The original paper is in English. Non-English content has been machine-translated and may contain typographical errors or mistranslations. ex. Some numerals are expressed as "XNUMX".
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The original paper is in English. Non-English content has been machine-translated and may contain typographical errors or mistranslations. Copyrights notice
우리는 무선 시스템의 비선형 HPA(고전력 증폭기)로 인한 것과 같은 비선형 채널에서 사용하기 위한 대역폭 효율적인 변조 방식을 고려합니다. CPM(연속 위상 변조) 방식은 진폭이 일정하지만 대역폭 효율성이 낮기 때문에 이러한 채널에서 좋은 성능을 발휘하는 것으로 알려져 있습니다. N-MSK는 두 개 이상의 신호를 중첩하여 이를 개선하지만 이로 인해 진폭이 일정하지 않게 됩니다. 본 논문에서는 TWT(Traveling Wave Tube) 비선형성을 사용하여 모델링된 비선형 채널에서 N-MSK의 성능을 조사합니다. 먼저 변조된 신호의 유클리드 거리 스펙트럼을 활용하여 비선형 채널에서 N-MSK의 스펙트럼과 BER 성능을 고려합니다. 그런 다음 이러한 특성에 대한 비선형 증폭의 효과를 고려합니다. AM-PM 변환 효과가 포함된 경우 폐쇄형 표현이 불가능하므로 신호 스펙트럼은 시뮬레이션을 통해 결정되었습니다. 우리는 스펙트럼이 눈에 띄게 거의 영향을 받지 않고 단지 약간만 넓어진다는 것을 발견했습니다. BER은 유클리드 거리 스펙트럼뿐 아니라 직접 시뮬레이션을 통해서도 평가됩니다. 후자는 이제 개별 선 대신 일련의 클러스터를 표시하며 BER을 계산할 때 클러스터의 최소 거리나 중심뿐만 아니라 적어도 첫 번째 클러스터 전체를 고려해야 한다는 것을 알 수 있습니다. 시뮬레이션에 사용된 검출기는 역왜곡 함수를 적용한 다음 선형 채널에 설정된 MLSE(최대 가능성 시퀀스 추정)를 사용합니다. 이는 노이즈가 왜곡되므로 더 이상 최적이 아니며 따라서 실제 MLSE 감지기와도 비교됩니다. 그러나 BER 성능은 선형 채널에 비해 다소 저하되는 것으로 나타났습니다. 전반적인 전력 효율성을 최적화하기 위해 포화 상태에서 백오프 수준을 결정합니다.
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부
Toma JAVORNIK, Gorazd KANDUS, Alister BURR, "The Performance of N-MSK Signals in Non-linear Channels" in IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Communications,
vol. E85-B, no. 7, pp. 1265-1275, July 2002, doi: .
Abstract: We consider bandwidth-efficient modulation schemes for use on non-linear channels, such as that due to a non-linear high power amplifier (HPA) in a wireless system. Continuous Phase Modulation (CPM) schemes are known to perform well on such channels, because they have constant amplitude, but their bandwidth efficiency is low. N-MSK improves this by superposing two or more such signals, but this results in a non-constant amplitude. In this paper we investigate the performance of N-MSK on a non-linear channel, modelled using a travelling wave tube (TWT) non-linearity. We first consider the spectrum and the BER performance of N-MSK on a non-linear channel, making use of the Euclidean distance spectrum of the modulated signal. We then consider the effect of non-linear amplification on these properties. Signal spectrum was determined by simulation, since no closed-form expression is available when the effect of AM-PM conversion are included. We find that the spectrum is remarkably little affected, being only slightly broadened. BER is also evaluated by direct simulation, as well as from the Euclidean distance spectrum. The latter now exhibits a series of clusters, instead of discrete lines, and we find that at least the whole of the first cluster must be considered in calculating the BER, not just the minimum distance or the centroid of the cluster. The detector used in the simulation applies an inverse distortion function, then uses maximum-likelihood sequence estimation (MLSE) set up for the linear channel. This is no longer optimum, because the noise is distorted, and therefore it is also compared with a true MLSE detector. We find that the BER performance is, however, somewhat degraded compared to the linear channel. We determine back-off levels from saturation to optimise overall power efficiency.
URL: https://global.ieice.org/en_transactions/communications/10.1587/e85-b_7_1265/_p
부
@ARTICLE{e85-b_7_1265,
author={Toma JAVORNIK, Gorazd KANDUS, Alister BURR, },
journal={IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Communications},
title={The Performance of N-MSK Signals in Non-linear Channels},
year={2002},
volume={E85-B},
number={7},
pages={1265-1275},
abstract={We consider bandwidth-efficient modulation schemes for use on non-linear channels, such as that due to a non-linear high power amplifier (HPA) in a wireless system. Continuous Phase Modulation (CPM) schemes are known to perform well on such channels, because they have constant amplitude, but their bandwidth efficiency is low. N-MSK improves this by superposing two or more such signals, but this results in a non-constant amplitude. In this paper we investigate the performance of N-MSK on a non-linear channel, modelled using a travelling wave tube (TWT) non-linearity. We first consider the spectrum and the BER performance of N-MSK on a non-linear channel, making use of the Euclidean distance spectrum of the modulated signal. We then consider the effect of non-linear amplification on these properties. Signal spectrum was determined by simulation, since no closed-form expression is available when the effect of AM-PM conversion are included. We find that the spectrum is remarkably little affected, being only slightly broadened. BER is also evaluated by direct simulation, as well as from the Euclidean distance spectrum. The latter now exhibits a series of clusters, instead of discrete lines, and we find that at least the whole of the first cluster must be considered in calculating the BER, not just the minimum distance or the centroid of the cluster. The detector used in the simulation applies an inverse distortion function, then uses maximum-likelihood sequence estimation (MLSE) set up for the linear channel. This is no longer optimum, because the noise is distorted, and therefore it is also compared with a true MLSE detector. We find that the BER performance is, however, somewhat degraded compared to the linear channel. We determine back-off levels from saturation to optimise overall power efficiency.},
keywords={},
doi={},
ISSN={},
month={July},}
부
TY - JOUR
TI - The Performance of N-MSK Signals in Non-linear Channels
T2 - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Communications
SP - 1265
EP - 1275
AU - Toma JAVORNIK
AU - Gorazd KANDUS
AU - Alister BURR
PY - 2002
DO -
JO - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Communications
SN -
VL - E85-B
IS - 7
JA - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Communications
Y1 - July 2002
AB - We consider bandwidth-efficient modulation schemes for use on non-linear channels, such as that due to a non-linear high power amplifier (HPA) in a wireless system. Continuous Phase Modulation (CPM) schemes are known to perform well on such channels, because they have constant amplitude, but their bandwidth efficiency is low. N-MSK improves this by superposing two or more such signals, but this results in a non-constant amplitude. In this paper we investigate the performance of N-MSK on a non-linear channel, modelled using a travelling wave tube (TWT) non-linearity. We first consider the spectrum and the BER performance of N-MSK on a non-linear channel, making use of the Euclidean distance spectrum of the modulated signal. We then consider the effect of non-linear amplification on these properties. Signal spectrum was determined by simulation, since no closed-form expression is available when the effect of AM-PM conversion are included. We find that the spectrum is remarkably little affected, being only slightly broadened. BER is also evaluated by direct simulation, as well as from the Euclidean distance spectrum. The latter now exhibits a series of clusters, instead of discrete lines, and we find that at least the whole of the first cluster must be considered in calculating the BER, not just the minimum distance or the centroid of the cluster. The detector used in the simulation applies an inverse distortion function, then uses maximum-likelihood sequence estimation (MLSE) set up for the linear channel. This is no longer optimum, because the noise is distorted, and therefore it is also compared with a true MLSE detector. We find that the BER performance is, however, somewhat degraded compared to the linear channel. We determine back-off levels from saturation to optimise overall power efficiency.
ER -